67e63c1263
There is value in ensuring that manual page sections use consistently
named sections, as far as possible, and also that sections have a
consistent order within manual pages. This is one of a series of patches
to place manual page sections in a consistent order.
In this patch, we ensure that the NOTES, HISTORY, BUGS, and EXAMPLE
sections are always placed near the end of the page, just above
AUTHORS, COPYRIGHT, SEE ALSO, and AVAILABILITY.
One page is not fixed by this patch: term-utils/agetty.8. This page
is a mess of unusual section names, and probably requires an individual
edit.
Testing that no gross editing mistake (causing accidental loss or addition
of text) was performed as follows:
$ cat $(grep '\.SH' -l $(find . -name '*.[1-9]') |sort) | sort > a
[Apply patch]
$ cat $(grep '\.SH' -l $(find . -name '*.[1-9]') |sort) | sort > b
$ diff a b
$ echo $?
0
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
249 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
249 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)fstab.5 6.5 (Berkeley) 5/10/91
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.\"
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.TH FSTAB 5 "February 2015" "util-linux" "File Formats"
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.SH NAME
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fstab \- static information about the filesystems
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.I /etc/fstab
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The file
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.B fstab
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contains descriptive information about the filesystems the system can mount.
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.B fstab
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is only read by programs, and not written; it is the duty of the system
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administrator to properly create and maintain this file. The order of records in
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.B fstab
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is important because
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.BR fsck (8),
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.BR mount (8),
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and
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.BR umount (8)
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sequentially iterate through
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.B fstab
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doing their thing.
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Each filesystem is described on a separate line.
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Fields on each line are separated by tabs or spaces.
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Lines starting with '#' are comments. Blank lines are ignored.
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.PP
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The following is a typical example of an
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.B fstab
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entry:
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.sp
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.RS 7
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LABEL=t-home2 /home ext4 defaults,auto_da_alloc 0 2
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.RE
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.B The first field
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.RI ( fs_spec ).
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.RS
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This field describes the block special device, remote filesystem or filesystem
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image for loop device to be mounted or swap file or swap partition to be enabled.
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.LP
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For ordinary mounts, it will hold (a link to) a block special
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device node (as created by
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.BR mknod (2))
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for the device to be mounted, like `/dev/cdrom' or `/dev/sdb7'.
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For NFS mounts, this field is <host>:<dir>, e.g., `knuth.aeb.nl:/'.
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For filesystems with no storage, any string can be used, and will show up in
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.BR df (1)
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output, for example. Typical usage is `proc' for procfs; `mem', `none',
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or `tmpfs' for tmpfs. Other special filesystems, like udev and sysfs,
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are typically not listed in
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.BR fstab .
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.LP
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LABEL=<label> or UUID=<uuid> may be given instead of a device name.
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This is the recommended method, as device names are often a coincidence
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of hardware detection order, and can change when other disks are added or removed.
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For example, `LABEL=Boot' or `UUID=3e6be9de\%-8139\%-11d1\%-9106\%-a43f08d823a6'.
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(Use a filesystem-specific tool like
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.BR e2label (8),
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.BR xfs_admin (8),
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or
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.BR fatlabel (8)
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to set LABELs on filesystems).
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It's also possible to use PARTUUID= and PARTLABEL=. These partitions identifiers
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are supported for example for GUID Partition Table (GPT).
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See
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.BR mount (8),
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.BR blkid (8)
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or
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.BR lsblk (8)
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for more details about device identifiers.
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.LP
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Note that
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.BR mount (8)
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uses UUIDs as strings. The string representation of the UUID should be based on
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lower case characters.
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.RE
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.B The second field
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.RI ( fs_file ).
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.RS
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This field describes the mount point (target) for the filesystem. For swap partitions, this
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field should be specified as `none'. If the name of the mount point
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contains spaces or tabs these can be escaped as `\\040' and '\\011'
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respectively.
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.RE
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.B The third field
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.RI ( fs_vfstype ).
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.RS
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This field describes the type of the filesystem. Linux supports many
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filesystem types: ext4, xfs, btrfs, f2fs, vfat, ntfs, hfsplus,
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tmpfs, sysfs, proc, iso9660, udf, squashfs, nfs, cifs, and many more.
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For more details, see
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.BR mount (8).
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An entry
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.I swap
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denotes a file or partition to be used
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for swapping, cf.\&
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.BR swapon (8).
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An entry
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.I none
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is useful for bind or move mounts.
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More than one type may be specified in a comma-separated list.
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.BR mount (8)
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and
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.BR umount (8)
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support filesystem
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.IR subtypes .
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The subtype is defined by '.subtype' suffix. For
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example 'fuse.sshfs'. It's recommended to use subtype notation rather than add
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any prefix to the first fstab field (for example 'sshfs#example.com' is
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deprecated).
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.RE
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.B The fourth field
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.RI ( fs_mntops ).
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.RS
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This field describes the mount options associated with the filesystem.
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It is formatted as a comma-separated list of options.
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It contains at least the type of mount
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.RB ( ro
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or
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.BR rw ),
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plus any additional options appropriate to the filesystem
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type (including performance-tuning options).
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For details, see
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.BR mount (8)
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or
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.BR swapon (8).
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Basic filesystem-independent options are:
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.TP
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.B defaults
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use default options: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async.
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.TP
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.B noauto
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do not mount when "mount \-a" is given (e.g., at boot time)
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.TP
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.B user
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allow a user to mount
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.TP
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.B owner
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allow device owner to mount
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.TP
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.B comment
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or
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.B x-<name>
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for use by fstab-maintaining programs
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.TP
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.B nofail
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do not report errors for this device if it does not exist.
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.RE
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.B The fifth field
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.RI ( fs_freq ).
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.RS
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This field is used by
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.BR dump (8)
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to determine which filesystems need to be dumped.
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Defaults to zero (don't dump) if not present.
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.RE
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.B The sixth field
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.RI ( fs_passno ).
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.RS
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This field is used by
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.BR fsck (8)
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to determine the order in which filesystem checks are done at
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boot time. The root filesystem should be specified with a
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.I fs_passno
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of 1. Other filesystems should have a
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.I fs_passno
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of 2. Filesystems within a drive will be checked sequentially, but
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filesystems on different drives will be checked at the same time to utilize
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parallelism available in the hardware.
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Defaults to zero (don't fsck) if not present.
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.RE
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.SH FILES
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.IR /etc/fstab ,
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.I <fstab.h>
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.SH NOTES
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The proper way to read records from
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.B fstab
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is to use the routines
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.BR getmntent (3)
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or
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.BR libmount .
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The keyword
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.B ignore
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as a filesystem type (3rd field) is no longer supported by the pure
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libmount based mount utility (since util-linux v2.22).
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.SH HISTORY
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The ancestor of this
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.B fstab
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file format appeared in 4.0BSD.
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.\" But without comment convention, and options and vfs_type.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR getmntent (3),
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.BR fs (5),
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.BR findmnt (8),
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.BR mount (8),
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.BR swapon (8)
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.\" Instead there was a type rw/ro/rq/sw/xx, where xx is the present 'ignore'.
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.SH AVAILABILITY
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This man page is part of the util-linux package and is available from
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https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.
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